Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt
Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.
Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.
Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.
Wo erhalte ich vollständige Informationen über ASTQB-CMT?
Nachfolgend finden Sie alle Details zu Übungstests, Dumps und aktuellen Fragen der ASTQB-CMT: ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Prüfung.
2024 Updated Actual ASTQB-CMT questions as experienced in Test Center
Aktuelle ASTQB-CMT Fragen aus echten Tests von Killexams.com - easy finanz | easyfinanz
E html>ASTQB ASTQB-CMT : ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Practice TestsPractice Tests Organized by Lee |
Latest 2024 Updated ASTQB ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Syllabus
ASTQB-CMT question bank with Premium PDF and Test Engine
Practice Tests and Free VCE Software - Questions Updated on Daily Basis
Big Discount / Cheapest price & 100% Pass Guarantee
ASTQB-CMT question bank : Download 100% Free ASTQB-CMT practice tests (PDF and VCE)
Exam Number : ASTQB-CMT
Exam Name : ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester
Vendor Name : ASTQB
Update : Click Here to Check Latest Update
Question Bank : Check Questions
Never waste time to be able to search ASTQB-CMT Mock Exam, Just obtain by killexams.com
At killexams.com, they are dedicated to providing you with authentic ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test questions and answers, along with explanations. Their team of qualified and certified experts with extensive experience in ASTQB certifications have thoroughly reviewed and approved every ASTQB-CMT Study Guides available on their website. They take great care to ensure the accuracy and relevance of their ASTQB-CMT Mock Questions, which they tailor to meet your specific needs.
The recent changes made by ASTQB in all the ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test questions have caused a major problem for those attempting the ASTQB-CMT test. At killexams.com, they have diligently collected all the changes in the genuine ASTQB-CMT test questions and compiled them in their ASTQB-CMT question bank. All you need to do is memorize their ASTQB-CMT Practice Questions, practice with their ASTQB-CMT Practice Questions and take the exam.
Killexams.com is a reliable platform that offers ASTQB-CMT test questions with a 100% pass guarantee. Practicing ASTQB-CMT questions for at least a day can help you achieve a high score. Their genuine questions will make your real ASTQB-CMT test much easier.
ASTQB-CMT test Format | ASTQB-CMT Course Contents | ASTQB-CMT Course Outline | ASTQB-CMT test Syllabus | ASTQB-CMT test Objectives
Exam Code : ASTQB-MT
Exam Name : ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester
Exam Duration : 60 Minutes
Number of Questions : 40
Passing Score : 65%
Format : Multiple Choice Questions
Learning Objectives for Introduction to Mobile Testing
1.2 Expectations from Mobile Users
MOB-1.2.1 (K2) Explain the expectations for a mobile application user and how this affects test prioritization
1.3 Challenges for Testers
MOB-1.3.1 (K2) Explain the challenges testers encounter in mobile application testing and how the environments and skills must change to address those challenges
MOB-1.3.2 (K2) Summarize the different types of mobile applications
1.5 Equipment Requirements
MOB-1.5.1 (K2) Explain how equivalence partitioning can be used to select devices for testing
1.6 Lifecycle Models
MOB-1.6.1 (K2) Describe how some software development lifecycle models are more appropriate for mobile applications
Mobile applications generally fall into two categories, those developed specifically to be native mobile
applications and those that were designed to be viewed through a web browser on a mobile device.
From the users viewpoint, there is no difference, although some browser-based applications may be
optimized for the mobile device providing a richer (or at least more readable) user experience. From
the developers and testers viewpoint, there are different challenges, goals and success criteria. This
syllabus is focused on the applications specifically developed for use by a mobile device although
there will be some discussion about applications that have become mobile despite the original
intentions.
Mobile devices include any of the so-called hand-held devices including (dumb) mobile phones, smart
phones and tablets/netbooks as well as devices that have been created for a specific use such as ereaders or a device used by a parcel delivery service that allows the driver to record delivery, the customer to sign and an image to be taken documenting the delivery. Mobile devices also extend to
wearable items such as smart watches and glasses that allow access to specific applications and may
include additional native functionality, such as telling time or improving vision. While some of the
mobile application testing concepts discussed in this syllabus are applicable to wearable devices,
wearable devices are not the focus of this syllabus.
The field of mobile devices is continually expanding as new uses are devised and devices are created
to support those uses
COURSE OUTLINE, COURSE CONTENTS, SYLLABUS
Introduction to Mobile Testing
Expectations from Mobile Users
- Explain the expectations for a mobile application user and how this affects test prioritization Challenges for Testers
- Explain the challenges testers encounter in mobile application testing and how the environments and skills must change to address those challenges
- Summarize the different types of mobile applications
Equipment Requirements - Explain how equivalence partitioning can be used to select devices for testing
Lifecycle Models - Describe how some software development lifecycle models are more appropriate for mobile applications
Test Planning and Design
Identify Functions and Attributes
- Explain why use cases are a good source of testing requirements for mobile applications
Identify and Assess Risks
- Describe different approaches to risk analysis
Determine Coverage Goals
- Explain how coverage goals will influence the level and type of testing to be conducted
Identify Test Conditions and Set Scope
- Describe how test analysts should take the device and application into consideration when creating test conditions
Quality Characteristics for Mobile Testing
Functional Testing - For a given mobile testing project apply the appropriate test design techniques
- Recall the purpose of testing for the correctness of an application
- Explain the important considerations for planning security testing for a mobile application
- Summarize the concepts of perspectives and personas for use in mobile application testing
- Summarize how device differences may affect testing
- Explain the use of Teststorming for deriving test conditions
Non-Functional Testing - Create a test approach that would achieve stated performance testing goals
- Recall aspects of the application that should be tested during performance testing
- Explain why real devices are needed when simulators are used for testing
- For a given mobile testing project, select the appropriate criteria to be Checked with usability testing
- Explain the challenges for portability and reliability testing mobile applications
Environments and Tools
Tools - Recall the expected capabilities for mobile application testing tools
- Explain the use of generic tools in testing mobile applications
Environments and Protocols - Recall the sources of data for a mobile application
Specific Application-Based Environment Considerations
- Explain the differences between browser-based and native device applications
Real Devices, Simulators, Emulators and the Cloud
- Explain why testing is not conducted entirely on real devices
- For a given mobile testing project, determine how and when to use simulators/emulators during testing
- Recall how to verify the reliability of a simulator/emulator
- For a given mobile testing project, determine how and when to use cloud-based testing
Performance Test Tools and Support - Explain how the cloud can be used to support performance testing
- Explain the types of data a performance tool needs to be able to create and track
Future-Proofing
Expect Rapid Growth - Recall ways in which the mobile application and device market will expand
- Recall areas in which user expectations will increase
Build for Change - Summarize the considerations for building a flexible testing framework
- Analyze a given mobile testing project and determine the appropriate activities to reduce maintenance costs while enabling wide product adoption
Plan for the Future - Explain how lifecycle models are likely to change and how this will affect testing
Anticipating the Future - Recall the ways in which testers will need to adapt
Killexams Review | Reputation | Testimonials | Feedback
New syllabus ASTQB-CMT test prep study guide with questions is provided here.
Although I felt very assured in the ASTQB-CMT exam, it was my first time using killexams.com's services. I prepared for my ASTQB-CMT test using their mock test with test simulator software. It was a great experience using the killexams.com team's resources.
It is unbelievable, but ASTQB-CMT practice tests are available here.
The test simulator developed by killexams.com is excellent. I was able to pass the ASTQB-CMT test on my first try with 80% because of the mock test provided by their team. The query monetary organization was beneficial, and I am thankful to killexams.com for providing so many papers with answers to work on. This study kit is highly beneficial, and I would recommend it to anyone preparing for the ASTQB-CMT exam.
Don't spend a huge amount on ASTQB-CMT guides; check out these questions instead.
The exercise test provided by killexams.com was incredible, and I passed the ASTQB-CMT test with a perfect score. It was definitely worth the cost, and I plan to return for my next certification. I would like to express my gratitude for the prep practice test provided by killexams.com, which were extremely useful for coaching and passing the exam. I got every answer correct, thanks to the comprehensive test preparatory materials.
Do you need actual mock test for the ASTQB-CMT test to pass?
As an IT professional, passing the ASTQB-CMT test was important to me, but time restraints made it difficult to prepare. The easy-to-memorize answers in the killexams.com test guide made it easy to put together. It worked as a whole reference guide, and I was surprised by the result. I read the killexams.com test guide two weeks before the exam, finished all of the questions well beneath the stipulated time, and passed.
What is required to study and pass the ASTQB-CMT exam?
In my opinion, killexams.com is the best ASTQB-CMT resource available on the internet. The knowledge and education they provided me were more valuable than money. As soon as I created an account, their materials magically helped me prepare for the exam, and I was surprised by how great it felt to be ready. I found the ASTQB-CMT test to be straightforward and completed it successfully.
ASTQB Tester Latest Questions
ASTQB-CMT Exam
User: Nastasia***** I wish I had known earlier why my colleagues registered with Killexams.com. It made my test much easier. I passed my test with high marks. I could never have achieved this success without Killexamsz. |
User: Virginia***** Passing the ASTQB-CMT test was incredibly tough for me, but Killexams.com helped me gain composure and prepare with their ASTQB-CMT practice tests. The ASTQB-CMT test simulator was very useful, and I was able to pass the test and get promoted in my company. |
User: Ava***** I passed my astqb-cmt certification test just last week with ease, thanks to killexams.com mock test and test Simulator. I was stunned to see how great their services are, as they helped me prepare for the test in a short amount of time. I am extremely grateful for their services, and their preparation materials are the best available on the market. |
User: Faye***** Thanks to Killexams.com, I achieved the highest marks in my Cisco test, which made me a popular figure among my peers. The preparatory classes provided by Killexams.com were instrumental in my success, and I owe it all to this website. |
User: Maiya***** I no longer feel alone when it comes to test preparation, thanks to Killexams.com. They not only provide me with excellent test material, but also offer instructors who are ready to guide me at any time of the day. Throughout my test, I received the same level of support and guidance, and all my questions were responded to. I am grateful to the instructors for being excellent and helping me pass my difficult astqb-cmt test with their test material, exam, and even test simulator. |
ASTQB-CMT Exam
Question: Which questions are included in ASTQB-CMT test prep? Answer: The latest and up-to-date ASTQB-CMT mock test are included in the test prep. Complete ASTQB-CMT questions are provided in the obtain section of your MyAccount. Killexams provide up-to-date actual ASTQB-CMT test questions that are taken from the ASTQB-CMT question bank. These questions' answers are Checked by experts before they are included in the ASTQB-CMT question bank. By memorizing and practicing these ASTQB-CMT dumps, you will surely pass your test on the first attempt. |
Question: I have very poor studying skills, What should I use to pass ASTQB-CMT exam? Answer: If you have poor studying skills, you should use the VCE test simulator. You should take the ASTQB-CMT test again and again until you get a 100% score in the test simulator. It means you are ready to take the test. Although they recommend going through all the questions/answers before you take the test and get additional knowledge as much as possible, still you can pass your test with these ASTQB-CMT dumps. |
Question: Is it possible for me to obtain ASTQB-CMT PDF free? Answer: Yes, you can obtain ASTQB-CMT trial questions to evaluate the full version of the product. When you go through the product and find it useful for your ASTQB-CMT exam, Go to the killexams.com website, register, and obtain the full ASTQB-CMT test version with a complete ASTQB-CMT question bank. Memorize all the questions and practice with the test simulator again and again. You will be ready for the actual ASTQB-CMT test. |
Question: Where am I able to find Free ASTQB-CMT test questions? Answer: When you visit the killexams ASTQB-CMT test page, you will be able to obtain ASTQB-CMT free questions questions. You can also go to https://killexams.com/demo-download/ASTQB-CMT.pdf to obtain ASTQB-CMT trial questions. After review visit and register to obtain the complete question bank of ASTQB-CMT test test prep. These ASTQB-CMT test questions are taken from actual test sources, that's why these ASTQB-CMT test questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these ASTQB-CMT questions are enough to pass the exam. |
Question: Is ASTQB-CMT test test engine software free? Answer: Killexams do not charge for test Simulator Software, but you have to buy the test files. Software is provided free of cost on the website. You can obtain and install any time. When you buy ASTQB-CMT exam, you will be able to obtain ASTQB-CMT.sis files that are test files. You can use this test simulator software with all the exams you buy from killexams. |
https://www.pass4surez.com/art/read.php?keyword=ASTQB+Tester+Latest+Questions&lang=us&links=remove
Whilst it is very hard task to choose reliable test mock test resources regarding review, reputation and validity because people get ripoff due to choosing incorrect service. Killexams make it sure to provide its clients far better to their resources with respect to ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS update and validity. Most of other peoples ripoff report complaint clients come to us for the brain dumps and pass their exams enjoyably and easily. They never compromise on their review, reputation and quality because killexams review, killexams reputation and killexams client self confidence is important to all of us. Specially they manage killexams.com review, killexams.com reputation, killexams.com ripoff report complaint, killexams.com trust, killexams.com validity, killexams.com report and killexams scam. If perhaps you see any bogus report posted by their competitor with the name killexams ripoff report complaint internet, killexams.com ripoff report, killexams.com scam, killexams.com complaint or something like this, just keep in mind that there are always bad people damaging reputation of good services due to their benefits. There are a large number of satisfied customers that pass their exams using killexams.com brain dumps, killexams PDF questions, killexams practice questions, killexams test simulator. Visit their test questions and trial brain dumps, their test simulator and you will definitely know that killexams.com is the best brain dumps site.
Which is the best practice tests website?
Yes, Killexams is 100 % legit together with fully trustworthy. There are several characteristics that makes killexams.com realistic and legit. It provides knowledgeable and 100 % valid test questions including real exams questions and answers. Price is extremely low as compared to many of the services online. The mock test are modified on standard basis together with most recent questions. Killexams account arrangement and products delivery is really fast. Data downloading can be unlimited as well as fast. Support is avaiable via Livechat and E mail. These are the features that makes killexams.com a robust website that include test prep with real exams questions.
Is killexams.com test material dependable?
There are several mock test provider in the market claiming that they provide actual test Questions, Braindumps, Practice Tests, Study Guides, cheat sheet and many other names, but most of them are re-sellers that do not update their contents frequently. Killexams.com is best website of Year 2024 that understands the issue candidates face when they spend their time studying obsolete contents taken from free pdf obtain sites or reseller sites. Thats why killexams.com update test mock test with the same frequency as they are updated in Real Test. test questions provided by killexams.com are Reliable, Up-to-date and validated by Certified Professionals. They maintain question bank of valid Questions that is kept up-to-date by checking update on daily basis.
If you want to Pass your test Fast with improvement in your knowledge about latest course contents and Topics of new syllabus, They recommend to obtain PDF test Questions from killexams.com and get ready for actual exam. When you feel that you should register for Premium Version, Just choose visit killexams.com and register, you will receive your Username/Password in your Email within 5 to 10 minutes. All the future updates and changes in mock test will be provided in your obtain Account. You can obtain Premium practice test files as many times as you want, There is no limit.
Killexams.com has provided VCE practice test Software to Practice your test by Taking Test Frequently. It asks the Real test Questions and Marks Your Progress. You can take test as many times as you want. There is no limit. It will make your test prep very fast and effective. When you start getting 100% Marks with complete Pool of Questions, you will be ready to take actual Test. Go register for Test in Test Center and Enjoy your Success.
5V0-35.21 free pdf | PMGT-BC test cram | CHAD test prep | SAFe-LPM free test practice | C1000-142 practical test | CoreSpringV3.2 bootcamp | BCP-520 boot camp | RNC-MNN mock test | MORF practice questions | Salesforce-Loyalty-Management VCE | Okta-Certified-Administrator mock questions | CPM free online test | TA-002-P study material | 050-886 cram book | 2V0-51-19 free prep | NLN-PAX practice test | 156-587 test prep | AZ-801 obtain | MS-203 practice test | ACE test Questions |
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester learn
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester certification
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester book
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Practice Test
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester syllabus
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester practice tests
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test help
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester guide
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test cram
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester PDF Download
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester PDF Download
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester PDF Download
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester testprep
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester certification
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester cheat sheet
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester testprep
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Questions and Answers
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Latest Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester information source
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester test syllabus
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester premium pdf
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester learning
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester teaching
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester actual Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Questions and Answers
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester PDF Download
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester outline
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester study tips
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester tricks
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester information source
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester real questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Practice Questions
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester book
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester information hunger
ASTQB-CMT - ASTQB Certified Mobile Tester Practice Questions
Other ASTQB Practice Tests
ISTQB-Level-1 study material | ISTQB-Advanced-Level-3 test tips | ISTQB-Advanced-Level-2 free practice tests | ATTA test results | TM12 mock exam | ATM practical test | ASTQB-CMT writing test questions | TTA1 study guide | ISTQB-Advanced-Level-1 test questions | TA12 Practice test |
Best practice tests You Ever Experienced
Salesforce-Certified-Community-Cloud-Consultant cram | C1000-162 english test questions | LCDC bootcamp | WOCNCB-CCCN test prep | 3V0-41.22 real questions | TCP-BW5 question test | 9L0-827 pass marks | NCLEX-RN practice questions | Salesforce-Certified-Business-Analyst Practice Test | MOFF-EN pdf questions | JN0-363 Practice Questions | 201-450 Real test Questions | 050-ENVCSE01 test Questions | 200-045 Latest Questions | CPEA prep questions | H12-721 certification sample | ISTQB-Advanced-Level-1 cbt | RNC-OB mock exam | 2V0-71.21 practice exam | ICDL-ACCESS practice exam |
References :
https://drp.mk/i/QvpJjXmkvc
https://www.instapaper.com/read/1400484737
http://feeds.feedburner.com/NeverMissTheseHp0-335QuestionsBeforeYouGoForTest
https://arfansaleemfan.blogspot.com/2021/05/astqb-cmt-astqb-certified-mobile-tester.html
https://sites.google.com/view/killexams-astqb-cmt-boot-camp
Similar Websites :
Pass4sure Certification test Practice Tests
Pass4Sure Certification Question Bank
ASTQB-CMT Reviews by Customers
Customer Reviews help to evaluate the exam performance in real test. Here all the reviews, reputation, success stories and ripoff reports provided.
100% Valid and Up to Date ASTQB-CMT Exam Questions
We hereby announce with the collaboration of world's leader in Certification Exam Dumps and Real Exam Questions with Practice Tests that, we offer Real Exam Questions of thousands of Certification Exams Free PDF with up to date VCE exam simulator Software.
Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?
Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.
Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyberattacken werden nur selten publiziert.
Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.
Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells
Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schadenszenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.
Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.
Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.
Nicht kriminelle Ursachen
Höhere Gewalt
Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.
Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten
Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.
Technisches Versagen
Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.
Kriminelle Ursachen
Hackerangriffe
Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.
Physischer Angriff
Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hackerangriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.
Erpressung
Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hackerangriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.
Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:
Cyber-Kosten:
- Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
- Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
- Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
- Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls
Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):
- Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
- Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
- Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
- Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
- Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
- Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
- Rechtsverteidigungskosten
Cyber-Eigenschäden:
- Betriebsunterbrechung
- Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
- Mehrkosten
- Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
- Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
- Cyber-Erpressung
- Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
- Ersatz-IT-Hardware
- Cyber-Betrug