Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt
Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.
Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.
Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.
Wo erhalte ich vollständige Informationen über BEC?
Nachfolgend finden Sie alle Details zu Übungstests, Dumps und aktuellen Fragen der BEC: CPA Business Environment and Concepts Prüfung.
2024 Updated Actual BEC questions as experienced in Test Center
Aktuelle BEC Fragen aus echten Tests von Killexams.com - easy finanz | easyfinanz
E html>AICPA BEC : CPA Business Environment and Concepts Practice TestsPractice Tests Organized by Martin Hoax |
Latest 2024 Updated AICPA CPA Business Environment and Concepts Syllabus
BEC dumps questions with Premium PDF and Test Engine
Practice Tests and Free VCE Software - Questions Updated on Daily Basis
Big Discount / Cheapest price & 100% Pass Guarantee
BEC dumps questions : Download 100% Free BEC practice questions (PDF and VCE)
Exam Number : BEC
Exam Name : CPA Business Environment and Concepts
Vendor Name : AICPA
Update : Click Here to Check Latest Update
Question Bank : Check Questions
Make sure you success with legit BEC Actual Questions that appeared today.
At killexams.com, they provide completely valid and up-to-date Q&A for the BEC exam. They assist individuals in preparing for the BEC exam by offering CPA Business Environment and Concepts Questions and Answers. No complicated steps involved, simply register on their website and obtain the BEC materials.
If you want to succeed in passing the CPA Business Environment and Concepts test, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the BEC syllabus and go through the updated dumps questions from 2024. To achieve quick success, it is recommended to read and practice real problems. You need to familiarize yourself with the interesting questions asked in the genuine BEC exams. To do this, you can visit killexams.com and obtain the free BEC Practice Test test questions to read. If you are confident that you can handle those BEC questions, you can register to obtain the Latest Questions of BEC Latest Topics, which will be your first step towards great progress. obtain and install the VCE test system on your computer, read and memorize the BEC Latest Topics, and take practice questions as often as possible with the VCE test system. When you feel that you have retained all the questions in the CPA Business Environment and Concepts question bank, go to the Exam Center and register for a real test.
At killexams.com, there are several experts working hard to gather genuine BEC test questions to help you pass the exam. You will receive CPA Business Environment and Concepts test questions that ensure you finish the BEC exam successfully. You can obtain refreshed BEC test questions every time with a 100% guarantee. Although several organizations offer BEC Mock Exam, the legitimacy and the latest 2024 updated BEC Question Bank are essential. It is important to think twice before depending on free dumps available on the web. You can duplicate the BEC Real exam Questions PDF on any device, such as an iPad, iPhone, PC, smart television, or Android device, to read and memorize the BEC Mock Exam while on vacation or traveling. This will save you a lot of time, and you will have more opportunities to focus on BEC Practice Test.
BEC exam Format | BEC Course Contents | BEC Course Outline | BEC exam Syllabus | BEC exam Objectives
Business Environment and concept section is treated as one of the most challenging exams because of its extensive material and it deals with business and economic concepts. The CPA BEC section will help you to move one step further in business knowledge and help them apply the knowledge in real-world scenarios.
Business Environment and concepts covers:
Business environment in general, and its core concepts.
Foundational grounding in accounting and are exposed to underlying reasons for accounting implications
Financial management information technology, and business strategies in addition to accounting concepts.
Economic concepts, financial management, information systems and communications, strategic planning and operations management.
Testing to determine different business strategies with their knowledge in strategic planning and market risks.
Making financial decisions, forecasting trends in the market, and understanding internets implication in business.
Topic Percentage
Corporate Governance 16% – 20%
Economic Concepts and Analysis 16% – 20%
Financial Management 19% – 23%
Information Systems and Communications 15% – 19%
Strategic Planning 10% – 14%
Operations Management 12% – 16%
BEC1 Business Environment and Concepts (BEC)
BEC2 Section introduction
BEC6 Summary blueprint
BEC7 Area I — Corporate Governance
BEC9 Area II — Economic Concepts and Analysis
BEC11 Area III — Financial Management
BEC13 Area IV — Information Technology
BEC16 Area V — Operations Management
The Business Environment and Concepts (BEC) section of the Uniform CPA
Exam (the Exam) tests knowledge and skills that a newly licensed CPA
must demonstrate when performing:
• Audit, attest, accounting and review services
• Financial reporting
• Tax preparation
• Other professional responsibilities in their role as certified public accountants
The content areas tested under the BEC section of the exam encompass five
diverse subject areas. These content areas are corporate governance, economic
concepts and analysis, financial management, information technology and
operations management. Reference materials relevant to the BEC section of the
Exam are included under References at the conclusion of this introduction.
Content organization and tasks
The BEC section blueprint is organized by content AREA, content GROUP and
content TOPIC. Each group or subject includes one or more representative TASKS
that a newly licensed CPA may be expected to complete when performing audit,
attest, accounting and review services, financial reporting, tax preparation or
other professional responsibilities.
The tasks in the blueprint are representative. They are not intended to be (nor
should they be viewed as) an all-inclusive list of tasks that may be tested in the
BEC section of the Exam. Additionally, it should be noted that the number of
tasks associated with a particular content group or subject is not indicative of
the extent such content group, subject or related skill level will be assessed
on the Exam. Similarly, examples provided within the task statements should
not be viewed as all-inclusive.
Area II of the BEC section blueprint covers several Topics related to Economic
Concepts and Analysis, including the following:
• Knowledge of economic concepts and analysis that would demonstrate an
understanding of the impact of business cycles on an entitys industry or
business operation
• Determining market influences on the business environment, such as
globalization
• Determining the business reasons for, and the underlying economic substance
of, transactions and their accounting implications
• Understanding financial risks and the methods for mitigating the impact of
these risks
Area III of the BEC section blueprint covers several Topics related to Financial
Management, including the following:
• Assessing the factors influencing a companys capital structure, such
as risk, leverage, cost of capital, growth rate, profitability, asset structure and
loan covenants
• Calculating metrics associated with the components of working capital, such
as current ratio, quick ratio, cash conversion cycle, turnover ratios
• Determining the impact of business decisions on working capital
• Understanding commonly used financial valuation and decision models and
applying that knowledge to assess assumptions, calculate the value
of assets and compare investment alternatives
Area IV of the BEC section blueprint covers several Topics related to
Information Technology (IT), including the following:
• Understanding the role of IT and systems, including the use of data in
supporting business decisions.
• Identifying IT-related risks associated with an entitys information systems
and processes, such as processing integrity, protection of information and
system availability, including those risks introduced by the relationships with
third-parties.
• Identifying application and IT general control activities, whether manual,
IT dependent or automated, that are responsive to IT-related risks, such
as access and authorization controls, system implementation testing and
incident response plans.
Area V of the BEC section blueprint covers several Topics related to Operations
Management, including the following:
• Understanding business operations and use of quality control initiatives and
performance measures to Improve operations
• Application of cost accounting concepts and use of variance analysis
techniques
• Utilizing budgeting and forecasting techniques to monitor progress and
enhance accountability
The exam focuses on testing higher order skills. Based on the nature of the task,
each representative task in the BEC section blueprint is assigned a skill level.
BEC section considerations related to the skill levels are discussed below.
• Remembering and Understanding is tested in all five areas of the BEC section.
Remembering and understanding tasks focus on the knowledge necessary
to demonstrate an understanding of the general business environment and
business concepts, such as those involving enterprise risk management.
• Application is also tested in all five areas of the BEC section. Application
tasks focus on general Topics such as those found in the subjects of
economics and information technology, and the day-to-day financial
management tasks that newly licensed CPAs perform, such as those
involving calculations involving ratios, valuation and budgeting.
• Analysis skills, tested in Areas II, III and V involve tasks that require a
higher level of analysis and interpretation. These tasks, such as comparing
investment alternatives using calculations of financial metrics, financial
modeling, forecasting and projection, frequently require newly licensed CPAs
to gather evidence to support inferences.
The representative tasks combine both the applicable content knowledge
and the skills required in the context of the work that a newly licensed CPA
would reasonably be expected to perform. The BEC section does not test any
content at the Evaluation skill level as newly licensed CPAs are not expected to
demonstrate that level of skill in regards to the BEC content.
References — Business Environment and Concepts
• The Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO):
– Internal Control – Integrated Framework
– Enterprise Risk Management – Integrating with Strategy and Performance
– COSO-issued application material, thought papers and guides related to the above frameworks
• Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002:
– Title III, Corporate Responsibility
– Title IV, Enhanced Financial Disclosures
– Title VIII, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability
– Title IX, White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancements
– Title XI, Corporate Fraud Accountability
• Current business periodicals
• Current textbooks on:
– Accounting Information Systems
– Budgeting and Measurement
– Corporate Governance
– Economics
– Enterprise Risk Management
– Finance
– Management
– Management Information Systems
– Managerial Accounting
– Production Operations
Killexams Review | Reputation | Testimonials | Feedback
I found all the BEC questions in the real exam that I studied.
Being in the IT field, I realized the importance of the BEC exam for my career growth. However, due to time constraints, it was overwhelming for me to prepare well. That's when I turned to killexams.com Dumps, and within two weeks of using it, I was able to complete all the questions within the given time limit. The easy-to-understand answers made it easier for me to get prepared, and I was amazed by the results.
It is a great idea to study for the BEC exam with practice tests.
I'm not a fan of online study guides because they are often published by irresponsible people who deceive you into learning things you don't need and missing things you actually need to know. But that's not the case with killexams.com. This organization provides valid Q&A that help you prepare for your exam. That's how I passed the BEC exam. I failed when I relied on free online materials, but I passed when I used killexams.com's BEC exam simulator. That's the best proof I need. Thanks, killexams.
Are you having trouble passing the BEC exam? Need not worry!
I passed the BEC exam on my first attempt, thanks to killexams.com's questions and answers. The package helped me utilize my work ebook knowledge in a question and answer format. I used an exam simulator to answer the query papers and got a complete idea of the exam paper. I would like to thank Killexams for their valuable support.
No issue! 24 hours of preparation with BEC real exam questions is sufficient.
I recently passed my BEC affirmation test with the help of killexams.com Q&A and exam Simulator. These are great items to shop for, and they helped me to understand the material effectively and quickly. I was stunned to see how terrific they were at their administrations. I want to express my gratitude for the notable item that you provided me with, which aided me in the association and use of the test.
Right information along with studying the BEC Q&A and practice tests—what a combination!
Just twelve days before the BEC exam, I found myself trapped in complex subjects. I needed a speedy reference to help me prepare, and killexams.com Dumps came to my rescue. It was compelling and aided me in scoring 91% on the exam.
AICPA Business study help
BEC Exam
User: Jacob***** Killexams.com is an excellent resource for the bec exam on the internet. I consider it to be one of the best resources available. What they gave me was more valuable than money; they gave me training. When I registered on the website, I was preparing for my bec exam, and what I received in return worked like magic for me. I was amazed at how tremendous it felt, and my bec exam appeared to be an easy task, which I successfully achieved. |
User: Dylan***** Thanks to Killexams.com, I was able to answer 90 out of 95 questions correctly and pass the BEC exam, something I never considered possible. Juggling full-time work and preparation for the BEC exam was a challenge, but Killexams.com reliable exam preparation resources made it less daunting. I stumbled upon Killexams.com while searching for exam preparation materials and decided to use it, which proved to be a wise decision. |
User: Muhammad***** Preparing for bec exam books can be a tough job, and using just books may lead to failure. However, Killexams provides satisfactory bec practice questions that offer good and reliable results to complement your preparation and increase your chances of passing the exam with ease. I scored 48 marks out of fifty using this excellent software program, and I can ensure that it will never let you down. |
User: Maude***** Both the killexams.com Q&A VCE exam and bec exam Simulator were essential to my success in the exam. The material helped me analyze my weaknesses and focus my efforts on the areas where I needed improvement. I was able to prepare adequately and pass the exam with ease. I wish everyone the best of luck in their exams. |
User: Luke***** I passed my bec exam with killexams.com, and the questions were valid and accurate. They offered a 99% pass rate and a money-back guarantee, but I did not need either as I got great scores. |
BEC Exam
Question: Where can I find free BEC genuine questions and questions? Answer: Killexams online account is the best place where you can obtain up-to-date and latest BEC test prep questions. Killexams recommend these BEC questions to memorize before you go for the genuine exam because this BEC dumps questions contains to date and 100% valid BEC dumps questions with the new syllabus. Killexams has provided the shortest BEC questions for busy people to pass BEC exam without studying massive course books. If you go through these BEC questions, you are more than ready to take the test. They recommend taking your time to study and practice BEC VCE exam until you are sure that you can answer all the questions that will be asked in the genuine BEC exam. For a full version of BEC test prep, visit killexams.com and register to obtain the complete dumps questions of BEC exam test prep. These BEC exam questions are taken from genuine exam sources, that's why these BEC exam questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these BEC questions are sufficient to pass the exam. |
Question: Are BEC study guides available for download? Answer: Yes, sure. Killexams.com provides a study guide containing real BEC exam Q&A that appears in the genuine exam. You should have face all the questions in your real test that they provided you. |
Question: Do you provide BEC genuine questions in german lanuage? Answer: No, they do not provide BEC questions in german, but you can convert their BEC VCE exam PDF to any language you want. You can also convert the file to any other format which is convenient for you or compatible with your device. |
Question: Will I be able to obtain new syllabus questions of BEC exam? Answer: You can visit the BEC exam page at killexams and get information about the latest BEC syllabus. You can obtain the latest BEC VCE exam by registering for the full version of the BEC exam. |
Question: I have failed BEC exam twice. Will killexams dumps help me? Answer: Yes, You can obtain up-to-date and latest BEC genuine questions at Killexams. Killexams recommend these BEC questions to memorize before you go for the genuine exam because this BEC dumps questions contains to date and 100% valid BEC dumps questions with the new syllabus. Killexams has provided the shortest BEC questions for busy people to pass BEC exam without studying massive course books. If you go through these BEC questions, you are more than ready to take the test. They recommend taking your time to study and practice BEC VCE exam until you are sure that you can answer all the questions that will be asked in the genuine BEC exam. For a full version of BEC test prep, visit killexams.com and register to obtain the complete dumps questions of BEC exam test prep. These BEC exam questions are taken from genuine exam sources, that's why these BEC exam questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these BEC questions are sufficient to pass the exam. |
https://www.pass4surez.com/art/read.php?keyword=AICPA+Business+study+help&lang=us&links=remove
Whilst it is very hard task to choose reliable exam Q&A resources regarding review, reputation and validity because people get ripoff due to choosing incorrect service. Killexams make it sure to provide its clients far better to their resources with respect to exam braindumps update and validity. Most of other peoples ripoff report complaint clients come to us for the brain dumps and pass their exams enjoyably and easily. They never compromise on their review, reputation and quality because killexams review, killexams reputation and killexams client self confidence is important to all of us. Specially they manage killexams.com review, killexams.com reputation, killexams.com ripoff report complaint, killexams.com trust, killexams.com validity, killexams.com report and killexams scam. If perhaps you see any bogus report posted by their competitor with the name killexams ripoff report complaint internet, killexams.com ripoff report, killexams.com scam, killexams.com complaint or something like this, just keep in mind that there are always bad people damaging reputation of good services due to their benefits. There are a large number of satisfied customers that pass their exams using killexams.com brain dumps, killexams PDF questions, killexams practice questions, killexams exam simulator. Visit their test questions and sample brain dumps, their exam simulator and you will definitely know that killexams.com is the best brain dumps site.
Which is the best practice questions website?
You bet, Killexams is completely legit and even fully good. There are several attributes that makes killexams.com authentic and legitimate. It provides updated and completely valid exam questions that contains real exams questions and answers. Price is surprisingly low as compared to almost all services online. The Q&A are up-to-date on regular basis through most exact questions. Killexams account method and item delivery is really fast. Data file downloading can be unlimited and really fast. Service is avaiable via Livechat and E mail. These are the characteristics that makes killexams.com a sturdy website that come with exam prep with real exams questions.
Is killexams.com test material dependable?
There are several Q&A provider in the market claiming that they provide genuine exam Questions, Braindumps, Practice Tests, Study Guides, cheat sheet and many other names, but most of them are re-sellers that do not update their contents frequently. Killexams.com is best website of Year 2024 that understands the issue candidates face when they spend their time studying obsolete contents taken from free pdf obtain sites or reseller sites. Thats why killexams.com update exam Q&A with the same frequency as they are updated in Real Test. exam questions provided by killexams.com are Reliable, Up-to-date and validated by Certified Professionals. They maintain dumps questions of valid Questions that is kept up-to-date by checking update on daily basis.
If you want to Pass your exam Fast with improvement in your knowledge about latest course contents and Topics of new syllabus, They recommend to obtain PDF exam Questions from killexams.com and get ready for genuine exam. When you feel that you should register for Premium Version, Just choose visit killexams.com and register, you will receive your Username/Password in your Email within 5 to 10 minutes. All the future updates and changes in Q&A will be provided in your obtain Account. You can obtain Premium VCE exam files as many times as you want, There is no limit.
Killexams.com has provided VCE VCE exam Software to Practice your exam by Taking Test Frequently. It asks the Real exam Questions and Marks Your Progress. You can take test as many times as you want. There is no limit. It will make your test prep very fast and effective. When you start getting 100% Marks with complete Pool of Questions, you will be ready to take genuine Test. Go register for Test in Exam Center and Enjoy your Success.
NSE6_FNC-8.5 test practice | SuiteFoundation practice exam | CWOCN VCE exam | CCSA VCE exam | FCNSP prep questions | DEA-C01 mock test | VCS-260 exam questions | AZ-720 Practice Questions | 050-SEPROGRC-01 boot camp | ACP-Sec1 sample test | CMCN VCE exam | VCS-257 Study help | PCCSA practice questions | SPLK-3003 exam Questions | OGEA-103 study guide | 4A0-C02 exam prep | NS0-516 exam questions | AI-102 exam tips | CCRN study guide | PCNS-BC past exams |
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Premium PDF
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts syllabus
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts testprep
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts guide
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts testprep
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF download
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF download
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam contents
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Free PDF
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts practice tests
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Free PDF
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam success
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts study help
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts outline
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Practice Test
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts genuine Questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam help
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts test prep
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts book
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF Download
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts syllabus
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts PDF questions
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam cram
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts answers
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts test prep
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam format
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam Cram
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts exam syllabus
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Study Guide
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts information source
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts information search
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts testing
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Study Guide
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts Free exam PDF
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts cheat sheet
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts information hunger
BEC - CPA Business Environment and Concepts study tips
Other AICPA Practice Tests
PCEP-30-01 study help | BEC exam questions | CPA-REG Study help | CPA-AUD PDF Download | PCAP-31-03 exam cram | ABV test sample | FAR practice test |
Best practice questions You Ever Experienced
NCEES-PE-Civil-WRE bootcamp | Firefighter Practice Test | TEAS-V7 writing test questions | NCEES-PE-Civil-Structural sample test questions | S2000-001 examcollection | DBS-C01 exam Questions | CBUNA-CUA Latest Topics | 74970X questions answers | 4A0-115 test prep | HPE6-A73 free pdf | ACLS test exam | GPHR pass marks | FCBA model question | S90.03A Real exam Questions | CNN-NP free pdf download | DEPC certification sample | PEGACPSA88V1 free questions | CHPN test example | ISTQB-Level-1 practice exam | E22-106 Study help |
References :
https://www.instapaper.com/read/1316541582
https://killexams-posting.dropmark.com/817438/23774331
http://killexams-braindumps.blogspot.com/2020/07/download-free-bec-exam-questions-with.html
https://draft.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=9877556&postID=111802581340921788&page=1&token=1595375327639
http://killexamstestprep.blogdigy.com/bec-cpa-business-environment-and-concepts-practice-test-by-killexams-com-11390886
https://www.coursehero.com/file/78934683/CPA-Business-Environment-and-Concepts-BECpdf/
https://youtu.be/6Gqxm0l6YIQ
https://sites.google.com/view/killexams-bec-question-bank
http://feeds.feedburner.com/NeverMissThese650-292QuestionsBeforeYouGoForTest
https://killexams-bec.jimdofree.com/
Similar Websites :
Pass4sure Certification exam Practice Tests
Pass4Sure Certification Question Bank
BEC Reviews by Customers
Customer Reviews help to evaluate the exam performance in real test. Here all the reviews, reputation, success stories and ripoff reports provided.
100% Valid and Up to Date BEC Exam Questions
We hereby announce with the collaboration of world's leader in Certification Exam Dumps and Real Exam Questions with Practice Tests that, we offer Real Exam Questions of thousands of Certification Exams Free PDF with up to date VCE exam simulator Software.
Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?
Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.
Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyberattacken werden nur selten publiziert.
Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.
Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells
Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schadenszenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.
Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.
Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.
Nicht kriminelle Ursachen
Höhere Gewalt
Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.
Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten
Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.
Technisches Versagen
Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.
Kriminelle Ursachen
Hackerangriffe
Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.
Physischer Angriff
Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hackerangriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.
Erpressung
Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hackerangriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.
Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:
Cyber-Kosten:
- Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
- Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
- Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
- Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls
Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):
- Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
- Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
- Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
- Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
- Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
- Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
- Rechtsverteidigungskosten
Cyber-Eigenschäden:
- Betriebsunterbrechung
- Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
- Mehrkosten
- Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
- Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
- Cyber-Erpressung
- Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
- Ersatz-IT-Hardware
- Cyber-Betrug