Was ist das eigentlich? Cyberrisiken verständlich erklärt
Es wird viel über Cyberrisiken gesprochen. Oftmals fehlt aber das grundsätzliche Verständnis, was Cyberrisiken überhaupt sind. Ohne diese zu verstehen, lässt sich aber auch kein Versicherungsschutz gestalten.
Beinahe alle Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens können heute über das Internet abgewickelt werden. Online-Shopping und Online-Banking sind im Alltag angekommen. Diese Entwicklung trifft längst nicht nur auf Privatleute, sondern auch auf Firmen zu. Das Schlagwort Industrie 4.0 verheißt bereits eine zunehmende Vernetzung diverser geschäftlicher Vorgänge über das Internet.
Anbieter von Cyberversicherungen für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen (KMU) haben Versicherungen die Erfahrung gemacht, dass trotz dieser eindeutigen Entwicklung Cyberrisiken immer noch unterschätzt werden, da sie als etwas Abstraktes wahrgenommen werden. Für KMU kann dies ein gefährlicher Trugschluss sein, da gerade hier Cyberattacken existenzbedrohende Ausmaße annehmen können. So wird noch häufig gefragt, was Cyberrisiken eigentlich sind. Diese Frage ist mehr als verständlich, denn ohne (Cyber-)Risiken bestünde auch kein Bedarf für eine (Cyber-)Versicherung.
Wo erhalte ich vollständige Informationen über NLN-PAX?
Nachfolgend finden Sie alle Details zu Übungstests, Dumps und aktuellen Fragen der NLN-PAX: Nursing School Entrance Test Prüfung.
2024 Updated Actual NLN-PAX questions as experienced in Test Center
Aktuelle NLN-PAX Fragen aus echten Tests von Killexams.com - easy finanz | easyfinanz
E html>Nursing NLN-PAX : Nursing School Entrance Test Practice TestsPractice Tests Organized by Shahid nazir |
Latest 2024 Updated Nursing Nursing School Entrance Test Syllabus
NLN-PAX question bank with Premium PDF and Test Engine
Practice Tests and Free VCE Software - Questions Updated on Daily Basis
Big Discount / Cheapest price & 100% Pass Guarantee
NLN-PAX question bank : Download 100% Free NLN-PAX practice tests (PDF and VCE)
Exam Number : NLN-PAX
Exam Name : Nursing School Entrance Test
Vendor Name : Nursing
Update : Click Here to Check Latest Update
Question Bank : Check Questions
Your victory guaranteed with NLN-PAX Mock Exam
Are you searching for Nursing Nursing School Entrance Test real questions of actual questions for the Nursing School Entrance Test exam preparation? They offer recently updated and great NLN-PAX Real exam Questions. They have compiled a database of NLN-PAX Study Guides from real exams that you can download, memorize and pass the NLN-PAX exam on the first attempt. Just prepare their NLN-PAX Premium Questions and Ans and rest assured. You will pass the NLN-PAX exam.
There are many providers of Exam Questions on the internet, but most of them sell outdated dumps and content. To find a dependable and reputable NLN-PAX Free exam PDF provider, you can either search on your own or save time and trust killexams.com. However, keep in mind that your research should not end up wasting your time and money. They suggest going directly to killexams.com and downloading 100% free NLN-PAX Pass Guides to evaluate the trial questions. If you are satisfied, register and get a 3-month account to get the latest and valid NLN-PAX TestPrep with actual exam questions and answers. Don't miss out on the great discount coupons and promotions. You should also get the NLN-PAX VCE exam simulator for practice.
You can copy NLN-PAX TestPrep PDF to any smartphone or PC to read and memorize the real NLN-PAX questions while you are away from home, on vacation, or traveling. This will save you time and provide you more time to study NLN-PAX questions. Practice NLN-PAX TestPrep with the VCE exam simulator repeatedly until you score 100%. When you feel confident, go straight to the Exam Center for the real NLN-PAX exam.
If you are waiting for the latest and 2024-updated exam questions to pass the Nursing NLN-PAX exam and get a highly paid job, just get the latest actual NLN-PAX questions for 2024 by registering at killexams.com with special discount coupons. Several specialists are working to collect real NLN-PAX exam questions at killexams.com. You will get Nursing School Entrance Test exam questions to make sure you pass the NLN-PAX exam. You will be able to get updated NLN-PAX exam questions every time with a 100% refund guarantee. Some companies offer NLN-PAX Free exam PDF, but the major issue in this case is the legitimacy and the latest 2024-updated NLN-PAX TestPrep. Think again before relying on free dumps provided on the internet.
NLN-PAX exam Format | NLN-PAX Course Contents | NLN-PAX Course Outline | NLN-PAX exam Syllabus | NLN-PAX exam Objectives
Test Detail:
The NLN-PAX (National League for Nursing Pre-Admission Exam) is a standardized test administered by the National League for Nursing (NLN). It is designed to assess the knowledge and skills of individuals applying to nursing programs. Below is a detailed description of the test, including the number of questions and time allocation, course outline, exam objectives, and exam syllabus.
Number of Questions and Time:
The NLN-PAX exam consists of three main sections: Verbal Ability (60 questions), Mathematics (40 questions), and Science (60 questions). The total number of questions is 160. Candidates are given a specific time limit of 4 hours to complete the exam.
Course Outline:
The NLN-PAX exam covers the following key areas:
1. Verbal Ability:
- Vocabulary: Word meaning, synonyms, antonyms, and context.
- memorizing Comprehension: Understanding passages and answering questions based on the content.
- Verbal Reasoning: Analyzing and evaluating written information.
2. Mathematics:
- Basic arithmetic: Operations with whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and percentages.
- Algebra: Equations, inequalities, exponents, and logarithms.
- Geometry: Basic concepts, measurements, and calculations.
- Statistics and Probability: Data interpretation and basic statistical concepts.
3. Science:
- Biology: Basic concepts, cellular structure, genetics, and human body systems.
- Chemistry: Atomic structure, chemical equations, elements, compounds, and basic reactions.
- Physics: Motion, forces, energy, light, sound, and basic principles of electricity.
Exam Objectives:
The NLN-PAX exam aims to evaluate the candidate's readiness for nursing education programs by assessing their knowledge and skills in the following areas:
1. Verbal Ability: Assessing the candidate's verbal reasoning, vocabulary, and memorizing comprehension skills necessary for academic success in nursing programs.
2. Mathematics: Evaluating the candidate's mathematical skills, including basic arithmetic, algebraic problem-solving, geometry, and statistical analysis relevant to nursing education.
3. Science: Testing the candidate's understanding of fundamental scientific concepts in biology, chemistry, and physics that are applicable to nursing practice and coursework.
Exam Syllabus:
The NLN-PAX exam syllabus covers a wide range of subjects within the areas of verbal ability, mathematics, and science. The syllabus includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:
- Vocabulary and word meanings
- memorizing comprehension
- Basic arithmetic operations
- Algebraic equations and inequalities
- Geometry concepts and calculations
- Basic biology, including human anatomy and physiology
- Basic chemistry, including atomic structure and chemical reactions
- Basic physics, including motion, forces, energy, and light
Candidates are advised to refer to official NLN resources or consult with nursing education programs to obtain accurate and up-to-date information on the exam, including registration, preparation, and study materials.
Killexams Review | Reputation | Testimonials | Feedback
Are there reliable sources for NLN-PAX study publications?
I purchased killexams.com's exam material for the NLN-PAX exam, and I was impressed with the quality of the questions provided. They were just as useful as the NLN-PAX questions, and I was able to pass the exam with ease. I highly recommend killexams.com to anyone looking for focused prep materials to help them pass an exam. With killexams.com's help, you can add a complicated certification like NLN-PAX to your resume with ease.
Go through these NLN-PAX actual questions and forget about failing the exam.
I purchased the certification package and studied it thoroughly, and last week I passed the NLN-PAX exam and received my certification. The killexams.com online exam simulator was an excellent tool to prepare for the exam, increasing my confidence and enabling me to pass the certification exam with ease. I frantically searched for unique contents as I only had one week left for the NLN-PAX exam and stopped at killexams.com Questions and Answers. It had short question-answers that were easy to recognize. Within a week, I analyzed as many questions as possible and scored 83%, making 50/60 accurate answers in due time. killexams.com was an awesome solution for me. Thank you.
These NLN-PAX mock exam provide a solid understanding of the exam.
The NLN-PAX mock exam provided by killexams.com have been incredibly helpful to me during my certification exam. I am pleased with the results and plan to use their resources for future Nursing certifications.
Simply attempt these practice tests, and success is yours.
As a network expert, I thought appearing for the NLN-PAX exam would be beneficial for my profession, but time restraints made it difficult for me to prepare. However, killexams.com mock exam proved to be an effective study guide and enabled me to finish the exam in just 70 minutes.
An outstanding source of the latest updated practice tests with accurate answers.
Thanks to the team at killexams.com for making my attempt at the NLN-PAX exam so easy. I scored 76%, and I highly recommend new customers to prepare through killexams.com as it is very comprehensive.
Nursing School study help
NLN-PAX Exam
User: Lyubov***** If you need valid nln-pax practice tests that work, Killexams.com is an excellent choice. The answers were easy to recall, and I found emulating their mock exam to be very helpful. I was able to complete my exam preparation in just 12 days, thanks to the simple presentation and clear explanations of difficult topics. |
User: Tama***** The NLN-PAX exam was very hard for me, but Killexams made it manageable. I had appeared for the exam last year and failed. The test guide that I found through Killexams was the best guide I have ever bought for my exam preparations. It handled the NLN-PAX material superbly, and even a slow learner like me was able to cope with it. I passed with 89% marks and felt on top of the world. Thanks, Killexams! |
User: Sanya***** Choosing killexams.com to prepare for my NLN-PAX exam was one of the best decisions I made. The mock exam provided are so well-structured that they help enhance ones knowledge by the time they reach the simulation exam. I appreciate their efforts and would like to thank them for their support in helping me pass the exam. Keep up the good work, killexams.com. |
User: Max***** I was hesitant to ask my father for help with my NLN-PAX education, so I turned to Killexams.com for assistance. Their study materials were extremely useful and helped me prepare for the exam with ease. I owe my excellent marks to the diligence of the individuals at Killexams.com. |
User: Polina***** I took advantage of the practice tests provided by Killexams.com, which were rich in facts and provided me with the necessary guidance. The material boosted my spirit and gave me the self-confidence to take my nln-pax exam. The mock exam provided were very similar to the actual exam questions. As a non-native English speaker, I was given 120 minutes to complete the exam, but I finished it in just 95 minutes. Thank you for the extraordinary material. |
NLN-PAX Exam
Question: Do I need course books with killexams NLN-PAX dumps? Answer: Killexams recommend these NLN-PAX questions to memorize before you go for the actual exam because this NLN-PAX question bank contains an up-to-date and 100% valid NLN-PAX question bank with a new syllabus. Killexams has provided the shortest NLN-PAX questions for busy people to pass NLN-PAX exam without memorizing massive course books. If you go through these NLN-PAX questions, you are more than ready to take the test. They recommend taking your time to study and practice NLN-PAX practice questions until you are sure that you can answer all the questions that will be asked in the actual NLN-PAX exam. For a full version of NLN-PAX test prep, visit killexams.com and register to get the complete question bank of NLN-PAX exam test prep. These NLN-PAX exam questions are taken from actual exam sources, that's why these NLN-PAX exam questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these NLN-PAX questions are sufficient to pass the exam. |
Question: What study guide do I need to read to pass NLN-PAX exam? Answer: Killexams NLN-PAX study guide contains test prep that greatly help you to pass your exam. These NLN-PAX exam questions are taken from actual exam sources, that's why these NLN-PAX exam questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these NLN-PAX questions are sufficient to pass the exam. After registering at the killexams.com website, get the full NLN-PAX exam version with a complete NLN-PAX question bank. Memorize all the questions and practice with the exam simulator again and again. You will be ready for the actual NLN-PAX test. All the NLN-PAX mock exam are up to date with the latest NLN-PAX syllabus and exam contents. |
Question: Where am I able to find NLN-PAX latest actual questions? Answer: You can get up-to-date and latest NLN-PAX actual questions at Killexams. Killexams recommend these NLN-PAX questions to memorize before you go for the actual exam because this NLN-PAX question bank contains to date and 100% valid NLN-PAX question bank with the new syllabus. Killexams has provided the shortest NLN-PAX questions for busy people to pass NLN-PAX exam without memorizing massive course books. If you go through these NLN-PAX questions, you are more than ready to take the test. They recommend taking your time to study and practice NLN-PAX practice questions until you are sure that you can answer all the questions that will be asked in the actual NLN-PAX exam. For a full version of NLN-PAX test prep, visit killexams.com and register to get the complete question bank of NLN-PAX exam test prep. These NLN-PAX exam questions are taken from actual exam sources, that's why these NLN-PAX exam questions are sufficient to read and pass the exam. Although you can use other sources also for improvement of knowledge like textbooks and other aid material these NLN-PAX questions are sufficient to pass the exam. |
Question: I need an exam that is not at killexams store, what should I do? Answer: Killexams provide more than 5500 exams on its online store with a very high success rate. If you need an exam that is not provided at the killexams store, you can place an exam request at killexams.com at https://killexams.com/exam-request and their team will contact authentic resources to get exact questions and answers. You will be informed by email as soon as that exam is provided at the killexams store. |
Question: How many test I should take with killexams exam simulator? Answer: You should keep on testing over and over until you get 100% marks. |
https://www.pass4surez.com/art/read.php?keyword=Nursing+School+study+help&lang=us&links=remove
While it is very hard task to choose reliable certification questions / answers resources with respect to review, reputation and validity because people get ripoff due to choosing wrong service. Killexams.com make it sure to serve its clients best to its resources with respect to exam questions update and validity. Most of other's ripoff report complaint clients come to us for the brain dumps and pass their exams happily and easily. They never compromise on their review, reputation and quality because killexams review, killexams reputation and killexams client confidence is important to us. Specially they take care of killexams.com review, killexams.com reputation, killexams.com ripoff report complaint, killexams.com trust, killexams.com validity, killexams.com report and killexams.com scam. The same care that they take about killexams review, killexams reputation, killexams ripoff report complaint, killexams trust, killexams validity, killexams report and killexams scam. If you see any false report posted by their competitors with the name killexams ripoff report complaint internet, killexams ripoff report, killexams scam, killexams.com complaint or something like this, just keep in mind that there are always bad people damaging reputation of good services due to their benefits. There are thousands of satisfied customers that pass their exams using killexams.com brain dumps, killexams PDF questions, killexams practice questions, killexams exam simulator. Visit Their trial questions and trial brain dumps, their exam simulator and you will definitely know that killexams.com is the best brain dumps site.
Which is the best practice tests website?
Indeed, Killexams is hundred percent legit and fully trustworthy. There are several functions that makes killexams.com unique and reliable. It provides current and hundred percent valid exam questions that contains real exams questions and answers. Price is really low as compared to most of the services online. The mock exam are up graded on usual basis along with most latest questions. Killexams account set up and solution delivery is incredibly fast. Document downloading will be unlimited and incredibly fast. Assistance is avaiable via Livechat and E mail. These are the features that makes killexams.com a robust website that include exam prep with real exams questions.
Is killexams.com test material dependable?
There are several mock exam provider in the market claiming that they provide actual exam Questions, Braindumps, Practice Tests, Study Guides, cheat sheet and many other names, but most of them are re-sellers that do not update their contents frequently. Killexams.com is best website of Year 2024 that understands the issue candidates face when they spend their time studying obsolete contents taken from free pdf get sites or reseller sites. Thats why killexams.com update exam mock exam with the same frequency as they are updated in Real Test. exam questions provided by killexams.com are Reliable, Up-to-date and validated by Certified Professionals. They maintain question bank of valid Questions that is kept up-to-date by checking update on daily basis.
If you want to Pass your exam Fast with improvement in your knowledge about latest course contents and subjects of new syllabus, They recommend to get PDF exam Questions from killexams.com and get ready for actual exam. When you feel that you should register for Premium Version, Just choose visit killexams.com and register, you will receive your Username/Password in your Email within 5 to 10 minutes. All the future updates and changes in mock exam will be provided in your get Account. You can get Premium practice questions files as many times as you want, There is no limit.
Killexams.com has provided VCE practice questions Software to Practice your exam by Taking Test Frequently. It asks the Real exam Questions and Marks Your Progress. You can take test as many times as you want. There is no limit. It will make your test prep very fast and effective. When you start getting 100% Marks with complete Pool of Questions, you will be ready to take actual Test. Go register for Test in Exam Center and Enjoy your Success.
PL-500 practice questions | 250-251 exam questions | AZ-700 study help | D-PSC-DS-23 pass exam | CPSA-F study guide | AZ-204 free questions | PRA-CPRP question test | 250-406 trial questions | ISO20KF test questions | PCCSE practice questions | DES-1241 mock test | NCSE-Level-1 exam preparation | 630-007 study questions | 4A0-102 prep questions | ARA02 exam questions | 200-710 free exam practice | CNS-CP pdf get | SAFe-LPM Latest Questions | FAR test trial | DEA-41T1 mock exam |
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Cram
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam success
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test testprep
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam syllabus
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test PDF download
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test learn
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test syllabus
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam contents
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Cram
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Practice Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test PDF download
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test tricks
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Cram
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test teaching
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Latest Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Real exam Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam syllabus
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test course outline
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test tricks
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam format
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test learning
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Free exam PDF
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test test
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Study Guide
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test answers
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test PDF Download
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam cram
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Question Bank
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test outline
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test Question Bank
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test practice tests
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test exam Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test study help
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test syllabus
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test learn
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test actual Questions
NLN-PAX - Nursing School Entrance Test learning
Other Nursing Practice Tests
RNC-LRN exam results | CHPLN practice test | AACN-CSC mock test | ONCB-ONP-C free study guide | ABPANC-CPAN test example | AMWA-MWC Practice Questions | ANCB-CARN free questions | NNCC-CDN Practice Test | NNAAP-AKNA free pdf download | CBUNA-CUA mock questions | RNCB-CRN cbt | NPDA-BC mock exam | BONENT-CHT certification sample | CNAMB practice exam | RNAS-C exam Questions | INCC-CRNI test prep | CBUNA-CURN questions and answers | NET pdf study guide | CRNE mock questions | CHPNA mock questions |
Best practice tests You Ever Experienced
CNS-CP Free exam PDF | ONCC-CPHON free questions | QSDA2022 exam results | DMDI301 cram book | S2000-016 practice exam | DCPP-01 test sample | MA0-103 assessment test sample | C1000-157 certification sample | CPQ-201 Test Prep | CEMAP-1 practice questions | Servicenow-CIS-VR Practice Test | JN0-1332 study help | 7003 exam answers | APA-CPP Free PDF | TDS-C01 online exam | HDPCD exam prep | PHR PDF Questions | WorkKeys practice exam | 4A0-AI1 Latest Questions | C1000-101 exam preparation |
References :
https://killexams-posting.dropmark.com/817438/23276937
https://www.instapaper.com/read/1317366292
http://killexams-braindumps.blogspot.com/2020/06/preview-nln-pax-test-prep-that-are.html
https://killexams-posting.dropmark.com/817438/23792491
http://feeds.feedburner.com/Pass4sureNln-paxDumpsAndPracticeTestsWithRealQuestions
https://sites.google.com/view/killexams-nln-pax-latesttopics
https://youtu.be/T3uUWSbxbiE
https://files.fm/f/5nc8dzegf
Similar Websites :
Pass4sure Certification exam Practice Tests
Pass4Sure Certification Question Bank
NLN-PAX Reviews by Customers
Customer Reviews help to evaluate the exam performance in real test. Here all the reviews, reputation, success stories and ripoff reports provided.
100% Valid and Up to Date NLN-PAX Exam Questions
We hereby announce with the collaboration of world's leader in Certification Exam Dumps and Real Exam Questions with Practice Tests that, we offer Real Exam Questions of thousands of Certification Exams Free PDF with up to date VCE exam simulator Software.
Warum sind Cyberrisiken so schwer greifbar?
Als mehr oder weniger neuartiges Phänomen stellen Cyberrisiken Unternehmen und Versicherer vor besondere Herausforderungen. Nicht nur die neuen Schadenszenarien sind abstrakter oder noch nicht bekannt. Häufig sind immaterielle Werte durch Cyberrisiken in Gefahr. Diese wertvollen Vermögensgegenstände sind schwer bewertbar.
Obwohl die Gefahr durchaus wahrgenommen wird, unterschätzen viele Firmen ihr eigenes Risiko. Dies liegt unter anderem auch an den Veröffentlichungen zu Cyberrisiken. In der Presse finden sich unzählige Berichte von Cyberattacken auf namhafte und große Unternehmen. Den Weg in die Presse finden eben nur die spektakulären Fälle. Die dort genannten Schadenszenarien werden dann für das eigene Unternehmen als unrealistisch eingestuft. Die für die KMU nicht minder gefährlichen Cyberattacken werden nur selten publiziert.
Aufgrund der fehlenden öffentlichen Meldungen von Sicherheitsvorfällen an Sicherheitsbehörden und wegen der fehlenden Presseberichte fällt es schwer, Fakten und Zahlen zur Risikolage zu erheben. Aber ohne diese Grundlage fällt es schwer, in entsprechende Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu investieren.
Erklärungsleitfaden anhand eines Ursache-Wirkungs-Modells
Häufig nähert man sich dem Thema Cyberrisiko anlass- oder eventbezogen, also wenn sich neue Schadenszenarien wie die weltweite WannaCry-Attacke entwickeln. Häufig wird auch akteursgebunden beleuchtet, wer Angreifer oder Opfer sein kann. Dadurch begrenzt man sich bei dem Thema häufig zu sehr nur auf die Cyberkriminalität. Um dem Thema Cyberrisiko jedoch gerecht zu werden, müssen auch weitere Ursachen hinzugezogen werden.
Mit einer Kategorisierung kann das Thema ganzheitlich und nachvollziehbar strukturiert werden. Ebenso hilft eine solche Kategorisierung dabei, eine Abgrenzung vorzunehmen, für welche Gefahren Versicherungsschutz über eine etwaige Cyberversicherung besteht und für welche nicht.
Die Ursachen sind dabei die Risiken, während finanzielle bzw. nicht finanzielle Verluste die Wirkungen sind. Cyberrisiken werden demnach in zwei Hauptursachen eingeteilt. Auf der einen Seite sind die nicht kriminellen Ursachen und auf der anderen Seite die kriminellen Ursachen zu nennen. Beide Ursachen können dabei in drei Untergruppen unterteilt werden.
Nicht kriminelle Ursachen
Höhere Gewalt
Häufig hat man bei dem Thema Cyberrisiko nur die kriminellen Ursachen vor Augen. Aber auch höhere Gewalt kann zu einem empfindlichen Datenverlust führen oder zumindest die Verfügbarkeit von Daten einschränken, indem Rechenzentren durch Naturkatastrophen wie beispielsweise Überschwemmungen oder Erdbeben zerstört werden. Ebenso sind Stromausfälle denkbar.
Menschliches Versagen/Fehlverhalten
Als Cyberrisiken sind auch unbeabsichtigtes und menschliches Fehlverhalten denkbar. Hierunter könnte das versehentliche Veröffentlichen von sensiblen Informationen fallen. Möglich sind eine falsche Adressierung, Wahl einer falschen Faxnummer oder das Hochladen sensibler Daten auf einen öffentlichen Bereich der Homepage.
Technisches Versagen
Auch Hardwaredefekte können zu einem herben Datenverlust führen. Neben einem Überhitzen von Rechnern sind Kurzschlüsse in Systemtechnik oder sogenannte Headcrashes von Festplatten denkbare Szenarien.
Kriminelle Ursachen
Hackerangriffe
Hackerangriffe oder Cyberattacken sind in der Regel die Szenarien, die die Presse dominieren. Häufig wird von spektakulären Datendiebstählen auf große Firmen oder von weltweiten Angriffen mit sogenannten Kryptotrojanern berichtet. Opfer kann am Ende aber jeder werden. Ziele, Methoden und auch das Interesse sind vielfältig. Neben dem finanziellen Interesse können Hackerangriffe auch zur Spionage oder Sabotage eingesetzt werden. Mögliche Hackermethoden sind unter anderem: Social Engineering, Trojaner, DoS-Attacken oder Viren.
Physischer Angriff
Die Zielsetzung eines physischen Angriffs ist ähnlich dem eines Hackerangriffs. Dabei wird nicht auf die Tools eines Hackerangriffs zurückgegriffen, sondern durch das physische Eindringen in Unternehmensgebäude das Ziel erreicht. Häufig sind es Mitarbeiter, die vertrauliche Informationen stehlen, da sie bereits den notwendigen Zugang zu den Daten besitzen.
Erpressung
Obwohl die Erpressung aufgrund der eingesetzten Methoden auch als Hackerangriff gewertet werden könnte, ergibt eine Differenzierung Sinn. Erpressungsfälle durch Kryptotrojaner sind eines der häufigsten Schadenszenarien für kleinere und mittelständische Unternehmen. Außerdem sind auch Erpressungsfälle denkbar, bei denen sensible Daten gestohlen wurden und ein Lösegeld gefordert wird, damit sie nicht veröffentlicht oder weiterverkauft werden.
Ihre Cyberversicherung sollte zumindet folgende Schäden abdecken:
Cyber-Kosten:
- Soforthilfe und Forensik-Kosten (Kosten der Ursachenermittlung, Benachrichtigungskosten und Callcenter-Leistung)
- Krisenkommunikation / PR-Maßnahmen
- Systemverbesserungen nach einer Cyber-Attacke
- Aufwendungen vor Eintritt des Versicherungsfalls
Cyber-Drittschäden (Haftpflicht):
- Befriedigung oder Abwehr von Ansprüchen Dritter
- Rechtswidrige elektronische Kommunikation
- Ansprüche der E-Payment-Serviceprovider
- Vertragsstrafe wegen der Verletzung von Geheimhaltungspflichten und Datenschutzvereinbarungen
- Vertragliche Schadenersatzansprüche
- Vertragliche Haftpflicht bei Datenverarbeitung durch Dritte
- Rechtsverteidigungskosten
Cyber-Eigenschäden:
- Betriebsunterbrechung
- Betriebsunterbrechung durch Ausfall von Dienstleister (optional)
- Mehrkosten
- Wiederherstellung von Daten (auch Entfernen der Schadsoftware)
- Cyber-Diebstahl: elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr, fehlerhafter Versand von Waren, Telefon-Mehrkosten/erhöhte Nutzungsentgelte
- Cyber-Erpressung
- Entschädigung mit Strafcharakter/Bußgeld
- Ersatz-IT-Hardware
- Cyber-Betrug